Flower fertilizer: How to choose the right fertilizer

Indoor and garden forms of flowering plants differ in conditions and require different care. Carbon dioxide, oxygen and hydrogen, bushes take from the air. Nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and 16 other micronutrients are extracted from the ground. Each species develops on a substrate of a particular composition and acidity. The purpose of fertilizing the soil beneath the plants is to introduce elements to ensure growth, flowering, accumulation of nutrients for the dormancy period.

Types of organic and mineral fertilizers for flowers

The property of soil to give nutrients to plants is called fertility. Characterized by moisture capacity and air permeability, depending on the soil structure and humus content. Minerals are converted into available form by soil biotics that depend on organic fertilizer inputs. The mandatory component for increasing fertility is manure fermented to the state of humus. It contains nitrogen and live microorganisms, which turn mineral fertilizers into food for plants. Nitrogen is present in any organic substrate – peat, sapropel, decomposed wood or bark, fermented herbal infusions.

Mineral fertilizers are fertilizers consisting of chemical compounds in the form of granules, powders. The composition may be mono – carry one component or represent a complex of 2-3 main components and a group of microelements – not fully purified “tails”.

Simple fertilizer

Nitrogen is delivered by chemical structures:

1. Ammonium or ammonium, where the active ingredient is in the form of (NH4)– or N

   .

2. Nitrate, nitrogen in the form of (NO3)–.

3. Ammonium nitrate – NH4NO3 – saltpetre

4. Amide – urea, urea (N

   )2CO

Each of the compositions works specifically, applies to specific conditions. Fertilizers accelerate the growth of green mass, promotion of buds, applied from spring to midsummer.

Phosphate fertilizers differ in degree of solubility in soil, duration of action. They are necessary for development of the root system, budding.

Water soluble:

1. Simple superphosphate Ca(

   O4)2 contains the active ingredient P2O5 15-20%.

2. Double superphosphate has the same formula, but with up to 40% P2O5.

They can be poured into the soil before planting or watered with a dissolved extract. CaHPO4* precipitate is considered a semi-soluble fertilizer

O, 35% of active ingredient. Suitable for acidic soils.

Phosphate meal is a milled mineral, applied to soil with an acidic environment, dissolves for 3-4 years. Used on podzols and peatlands.

Potassium is highly soluble in water.

Applied:

1. Potassium salt in the fall under tillage, 38% active ingredient.

2. Potassium sulfate K2SO4, 5- % e.v., universal use.

3. Potassium nitrate – KNO3, dual action, active elements nitrogen and potassium, apply to the soil in the spring.

Potassium combined with trace elements of magnesium, zinc, copper and iron increases plant resistance and influences flowering time and crop winter-hardiness.

Complex fertilizers

Compositions obtained by mixing individual ingredients, or having complex chemical formulas, are called complete or complex fertilizers.

They are defined as complex, combined or mixed, depending on the composition:

1. Nitroammofoska – contains NPK 17:17:17 + sulfur (S) 2%, universal application.

2. Diammophoska – NPK 10:26:26 + micro doses of iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn).

3. Nitrophos contains NP 6:16+ 11% calcium.

4. Diammophos – NP 20:50.

5. Ammophosphate – NP 6:45.

By the name you can determine the composition, and by the information on the package the percentage content. For spring fertilization choose complexes with nitrogen, for the fall, phosphates and potassium should prevail.

Microfertilizers and stimulants

Individual substances – potassium permanganate, potassium monophosphate, boric acid, molybdates and other monosolutions are used for foliar feeding for signs of starvation. For general foliar feeding, complex fertilizers in tablets or powders are available. For flowering plants, 1-2 fertilizers per season are required as directed.

For exotic plants, use special formulations that take into account the acidity of the substrate and stimulants. These include Hesi Super Vit, Bio Bloom, Pokoh, HB-101, Epin, Zircon, Biona Flora and others.

Every housewife has in stock home fertilizers from onion and eggshells, garlic infusion, nettles, ashes and even, castor oil.

Fertilizer for house flowers

Indoor plants can also be called greenhouse plants. They are grown in a closed circuit. It is easier to grow exotics in a specialized room than in room conditions. The gas composition, temperature and humidity are regulated there. Plants have less room for their roots in the apartment and the temperature cannot be below what people are comfortable with. Humidity is also not always respected. So you need to create an ideal soil and provide a balanced nutrition. Each of the plants need to create a comfortable environment.

Proper fertilization of indoor flowers

You bought a plant – organize it quarantine by placing it in an isolator. In 2 weeks the flower will adapt to the new location, pests and diseases will appear. Only then should you make room for a newcomer on a windowsill.

Care rules:

1. Fertilize plants for rapid development and abundant flowering. They must be healthy, take root after transplanting and have already emerged from the dormancy period.

2. Apply nitrogen at the time of leaf growth, potassium and phosphorus at the time of budding and flowering.

3. When fertilizing, take into account the volume of soil, the growth and phase of the plant. It’s easy to salt the soil, it will kill the plant.

4. Chemicals should only be added to moist soil. Feed mature plants as directed, young ones half as much.

5. In winter, if there is a lack of light, flowering plants are fed with a half dose.

6. On a hot afternoon, flowers are not watered, they are set aside in the shade, and allow the earth in the pot to cool.

When replacing the soil, you should consider what plants like – loam, light humus, neutral or acidic environment. Depending on the type of soil choose the composition of fertilizer. For houseplants produces enough balanced compositions used in breeding. The water should always be tap water, possibly from an aquarium.

Fertilizers are selected for the type of soil, which is initially depleted in certain components. On sandy soils, it is necessary to add magnesium, in acidic peat substrates – molybdenum and copper, in clay soil – manganese and iron, light humus needs only manganese.

The right composition and frequency of nutrition will give houseplants the greatest decorative effect.

Fertilizer in experienced hands can:

1. Will increase immunity, resistance to pests and diseases – healthy plants look bright as on display;

2. Extend, or push back the period of flowering;

3. Properly introduce in the dormancy period;

4. Ensure the recovery of tubers and bulbs for the next season.

And it is necessary to take into account the requirements of each plant. Slow-growing, low-growing plants require less nutrition than those with explosive growth.

Fertilizing violets

After the dormancy period, violets quickly put on fluffy leaves and produce buds for long-lasting blooms. They need feeding every 1-2 weeks with a balanced composition, in which nitrogen prevails first, then phosphorus, potassium and trace elements. Leaves should remain dry when watering. The flower does not like direct sunlight.

Azaleas and rhododendrons

These flowers grow on very acidic top peat. They are prepared with soil from decomposed coniferous needles or from under pines from a depth of 5-7 cm. To fertilizers, these plants are picky – the soil is initially lean, and in an acidic environment, the salts go into insoluble form. Rest, vegetation, flowering require different balanced nutrition. Fertilizing should be systematic, every two weeks. Azalea can be sprayed, it accepts foliar feeding well, but only when it is not flowering. The root application mixture is diluted by a factor of 10, irrigate with a fine spray in the morning or evening.

Azalea fertilization scheme:

1. From the beginning of summer to the beginning of budding use urea or nitrate;

2. Budding before flowering, potassium, superphosphate;

3. During flowering – the stimulant HB-101, Zircon – 2-3 drops in a watering can during watering.

4. At the very beginning of spring and after flowering apply old decomposed cow manure to the soil.

Fertilizer HB-101, Pocon has a complex composition, including 5 leading microelements for acidic soil, phosphoric acid, potassium oxide and nitrogen. Using the means, you can prolong the lush flowering of the bush.

Orchid

Orchids do not like to be fed during flowering or dormancy. Only in spring, when new shoots grow, you can spray the plant with a weak solution of urea (0.1-0.2%). Experienced florists advise – read the instructions and dilute the care product to 2-4 times the recommended concentration.

The best fertilizers are balanced compounds for citrus or orchids, such as Biona flora. In the spring, you can add some good humus to the substrate.

Feeding geraniums

After the winter dormancy, prune the flower, remove yellow leaves and new shoots. Once every 2 years do replanting, with the use of decomposed organics. During the summer, nitrogen is limited, geraniums like phosphorus.

The bush is watered abundantly twice a week. A drop of iodine in a liter of water is the most frequent feeding. Phosphorus, magnesium and calcium with trace elements will ensure a lush flowering and health of the bush. In September the plant goes to rest, it is not fed until it wakes up.

This is how to pick up the regime of feeding each bush on the windowsill.

Flower bed care

A flower bed, flowerbed, bed of heather or a bed of heather consists of a selection of plants, providing a floral outfit during the summer. Outdoor shrubs depend on the vagaries of the weather. The soil beneath the plants is depleted, organic and mineral fertilizers are required. They are adjusted to the season, growing season and type of flower.

For annuals, the lawn is annually tilled, organic and mineral fertilizers are added to the soil, and the pH and soil structure are regulated. Perennials grow in one place, they need nutrition and winter hardiness. Heather garden, a new craze of designers, looks spectacular only with proper care, and special fertilizers.

It is important for the gardener to know what plants like and can’t tolerate, how often and in what doses fertilizer is needed.

Care of annuals flowers

The minimum program for annuals. By seeds or seedlings they are planted on a prepared, fertilized bed. In spring all plants need the same nutrition – as much nitrogen as possible to grow and cover themselves with greenery as quickly as possible. But the principle is the same, and fertilizers differ in the type of fertilizer, the frequency of application, the concentration of the solution.

Most tall annuals with luxuriant blooms should be planted as seedlings on fertilized soil. Plants such as petunias, asters, zinnias, sylvias, dahlias annuals are grown in seedlings to get early flowering.

Do not apply fresh manure to the soil in the bed under digging. It is not tolerated by asters, marigolds, marigolds, chaste peas. After planting seedlings to feed the flowers not earlier than 2 weeks. The plant must take root and release new leaves. Generally accepted, first abundant watering, then fertilizing, on the second day loosening and mulching.

The annual flower has 2 tasks – to grow strong stems that will withstand the buds, to bloom abundantly and for a long time. Fertilizing watering, too, 2 – first nitrogen, then phosphorus, potassium and trace elements. Bad weather – include stimulants. Fertilizing under the root at temperatures below +10 With poorly assimilated, it is better to foliar, with a weak solution.

Flowering petunia

The bush is grown in seedlings, planted in bloom. Firstly fertilize with the composition of “Clean Sheet” to replenish the lack of micronutrients in the ground, the growth of greenery and buds. The second feeding fertilizer “Master” – 5 g / 2 L of water, watering 2 times in 10 days. You can replace these compositions with one – “New Ideal”, 10 ml/l, fertilize once a week. You can use Kemira or Agricola for flowers, diluted according to the instructions. An foliar application of 12 grams of citric acid, 7.5 grams of iron sulfate in 3 liters of water will prolong flowering.

Annual dahlia

The exuberant flowering of annual bushes of varieties “Friendly fellows” requires 3 fertilizers:

1. Building up green mass. Pumpkin diluted 2:7 for 7 days, diluted 3:7, apply 2 liters under the bush.

2. Bud formation fertilizing 1 tbsp. l. Urea + 2 Tbsp.l. Potassium monophosphate in 2 liters per plant.

3. Beginning of flowering 1 tbsp.l. Potassium sulfate, superphosphate, Agricola per 10 liters.

During flowering, to enhance the effect, make a green tea fertilizer – a two-week infusion of weeds in a dilution of 1:7.

Fertilization of annual aster

The seedlings have taken root, new leaves have appeared – the first feeding is done with a 1:10 infusion of cowpea on wet ground. The flower receives the necessary nutrition for the whole summer. You can additionally sprinkle 300 g of wood ash per m2 under the watering in 2 weeks – it will thank you with a splendid bloom.

Feeding perennial flowering plants

At the very beginning of spring first flowers appear in flowerbeds – hyacinths, crocuses, tulips. They are fertilized with simultaneous loosening of the soil, so it warms up faster.

Norms and timing of fertilization for primroses:

What to fertilize roses

In the spring, roses need plenty of organic fertilizer. Bird guano or cow manure infused in a dilution of 1:20 and 1:10 for 5 days. They are used in the proportion of 1:3 and 1:2 for young bushes. Spread ammonium nitrate on the area after the snow, in May fertilize with a solution of 10 g of superphosphate and potassium sulfate in 10 liters of water.

Roses for cuttings are grown with fertilizer according to the scheme:

1. April – urea or nitrate after snow melt.

2. June – budding, need cowpea, ash, or potassium nitrate, without mixing, separately.

3. July – complex fertilizers with little nitrogen – time for winter hardiness.

4. August September – trace elements, phosphorus and potassium. Nitrogen exclude.

Fertilizing heather

Came ornamental shrub and northern latitudes, resistant to frost, grows in acidic soil, unpretentious in care. Leaves are evergreen, darken in winter; there are varieties with bronze and yellow foliage. Blossoms with simple to pompous flowers in a wide color palette from July to October.

Feed the shrub once, in spring, with fertilizer for azaleas. It is a complex with phosphoric acid and almost all microelements. Spread 10-15 g per 2 m2 in the form of a solution on damp soil. All.

Conclusion

Nothing pleases a gardener like an abundant flowering of healthy plants. Proper selection of neighbors in the bed, agrotechnics, quality fertilizers – everything you need for abundant and continuous flowering.